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Yuan Xie
Yuan Xie (元勰) (died 508), né Tuoba Xie (拓拔勰, changed 496), courtesy name Yanhe (彥和), formally Prince Wuxuan of Pengcheng (彭城武宣王), later posthumously honored as Emperor Wenmu (文穆皇帝) with the temple name of Suzu (肅祖), was an imperial prince of the Chinese/Xianbei dynasty Northern Wei. He was a son of Emperor Xianwen, and he often assisted his brother Emperor Xiaowen both in military and governmental matters. After Emperor Xiaowen's death, he briefly served as regent for Emperor Xiaowen's son Emperor Xuanwu. Eventually, due to suspicions and jealousy of Emperor Xuanwu's uncle Gao Zhao, Emperor Xuanwu believed false reports that Yuan Xie was going to rebel, and forced him to commit suicide. He was later posthumously honored as an emperor by his son Emperor Xiaozhuang, although subsequently Emperor Jiemin retracted the honors.〔《魏书·卷二十一下·列传第九下》：勰即有大功于国，无罪见害，百姓冤之。行路士女，流涕而言曰：“高令公枉杀如此贤王！”在朝贵贱，莫不丧气。追崇假黄钺、使持节、都督中外诸军事，司徒公、侍中、太师、王如故。给銮辂九旒、虎贲班劔百人、前后部羽葆鼓吹、轀輬车。有司奏太常卿刘芳议勰益曰：“王挺德弱龄，诞资至孝，睿性过人，学不师授。卓尔之操，发自天然；不群之美，幼而独出。及入参政务，纶綍有光；爰登中铉，敷明五敎。汉北告危，皇赫问罪，王内亲药膳，外揔六师。及宫车晏驾，上下哀惨。奋猛衔戚，英略潜通，翼卫灵舆，整戎振旆。历次宛谢，迄于鲁阳，送往奉居，无惭周霍，禀遗作辅，远至迩安。分陕恒方，流咏燕赵；廓靖江西，威慑南越。入釐百揆，庶绩咸熙，履勤不惮，在功愈挹。温恭恺悌，忠雅宽仁，兴居有度，善终笃始。高尚厥心，功成身退。义亮圣衷，美光世典。依益法，保大定功曰‘武’，善问周达曰‘宣’，益曰武宣王。”及庄帝即位，追号文穆皇帝，妃李氏为文穆皇后，迁神主于太庙，庙称肃祖。语在临淮王彧传。前废帝时，去其神主。〕〔《北史·卷十九·列传第七》：永平元年九月，召勰及高阳王雍、广阳王嘉、清河王怿、广平王怀及高肇等入。时勰妃方产，固辞不得已，意甚忧惧，与妃诀而登车。入东掖门，度一小桥，牛伤，人挽而入。宴于禁中，夜皆醉，各就别所消息。俄而元珍将武士齎毒酒至。勰曰：“一见至尊，死无恨也。”珍曰：“至尊何可复见！”武士以刀环筑勰二下，勰大言称冤。武士又以刀筑勰，乃饮毒酒，武士就杀之。向晨，以褥裹尸，舆从屏门出，载尸归第，云因饮而薨。勰妃李氏，司空冲之女也，号哭曰：“高肇枉理杀人，天道有灵，汝还当恶死。”及肇以罪见杀，还于此屋，论者知有报应焉。帝为举哀于东堂。勰即有大功于国，无罪见害，行路士女皆流涕曰：“高肇小人，枉杀如此贤王！”在朝贵戚莫不丧气。景明、报德寺僧鸣钟欲饭，忽闻勰薨，二寺一千馀人皆嗟痛，为之不食，但饮水而斋。追赠假黄钺、使持节、都督中外诸军事、司徒公、太师，给銮辂九旒，武贲班劒百人，前后部羽葆鼓吹，轀輬车。有司奏太常卿刘芳议勰谥，保大定功曰武，善问周达曰宣，宜谥武宣王。诏可。及庄帝即位，追号文穆皇帝，妃李氏为文穆皇后，迁神主于太庙，称肃祖。节闵帝时，去其神主。〕〔罗新《跋北魏郑平城妻李晖仪墓志》《中国历史文物》 2005年06期〕
==Background==
It is not known when Tuoba Xie was born, but he was a younger brother to Emperor Xiaowen and was younger to all of the six other sons of their father Emperor Xianwen except Tuoba Xiang (拓拔詳) the Prince of Beihai. His mother was Consort Pan, who died shortly after giving birth to him. In 476, his father Emperor Xianwen (who was then retired emperor after having passed the throne to Emperor Xiaowen in 471) died as well, probably having been poisoned by Tuoba Xie's step-grandmother Empress Dowager Feng, who then assumed regency over Emperor Xiaowen as grand empress dowager. Tuoba Xie was considered studious and well-mannered in his youth, and was much favored by both Emperor Xiaowen and their step-grandmother Grand Empress Dowager Feng.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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